CREC-AVIC INTL Consortium overcomes difficulties, stays true to the original aspiration and works hard
文 王德晓
埃及斋月十日城铁路项目是“一带一路”框架下中埃产能合作的首个成功签约项目，也是埃及目前规模最大、行车速度最快，服务于埃及开罗市区与新行政首都，覆盖沿线卫星城市范围最广的轨道交通工程，是目前连接新行政首都与开罗市区的唯一轨道交通。
The 10th of Ramadan Railway Project in Egypt is the first project of China-Egypt capacity cooperation under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. Featuring the largest scale and the highest train speed in Egypt, the project serves downtown Cairo, capital of Egypt, and the country’s new administrative capital. It is the rail transit project that covers the largest number of satellite towns and the only railway connecting the new administrative capital to downtown Cairo.
中航国际与中国中铁组成联合体，与埃及交通部下属国家隧道局签署EPC合同，作为工程总承包商负责埃铁项目的交钥匙工程，包括勘察设计、机车车辆供货、机电系统采购、土建施工、安装调试等工作。这是联合体在埃及交通领域承建的第一个轨道交通EPC项目。
AVIC International Holding Corporation (AVIC INTL) and China Railway Group Limited (CREC) established the CREC-AVIC INTL Consortium and signed an engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract with the National Authority for Tunnels under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Transport of Egypt. As the general contractor, the CREC-AVIC INTL Consortium was responsible for the turnkey project of the 10th of Ramadan Railway, including survey and design, locomotive and rolling stock supply, electromechanical system procurement, civil construction, installation and commissioning, and other work. The railway is the first rail transit project built by the consortium in Egypt under an EPC contract.
长期以来，开罗主城区交通拥堵严重，埃及政府规划在开罗周边新建卫星城，缓解城市发展压力。2014 年现任总统塞西上任后，通过新建苏伊士第二运河，以开罗-苏伊士经济开发区为轴线，提出了“向东发展”的国家战略，着力打造“东部经济走廊”，并规划在开罗东南部建新行政首都。埃铁项目正好位于东部经济走廊的中轴线上，成为连接开罗与新行政首都、沿线卫星城的纽带，将服务沿线500万居民。
As Cairo’s main urban area has long been plagued by gridlock, the Egyptian government plans to build satellite towns around the city to relieve the pressure of its urban development. After the current President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi assumed office in 2014, the Egyptian government put forward the national strategy of developing eastward, striving to build an eastern economic corridor with Cairo-Suez Canal Economic Zone as the axis. The strategy is implemented by constructing the second Suez Canal. Besides, the government plans to construct a new administrative capital in southeastern Cairo. The 10th of Ramadan Railway, located on the axis of the eastern economic corridor, connects Cairo, the new administrative capital, and satellite towns along the railway and it will serve about five million residents.
联合体旗帜
埃及铁路历史悠久，开罗至亚历山大线于1851年开始修建，1852年投入运营，是世界上第二个拥有铁路的国家。但埃及无电气化铁路，设施比较落后，轨道交通建设缺乏系统性规划。
Railways in Egypt have a long history. Among them, the railway between Cairo and Alexandria was built from 1851 and put into operation in 1852, making Egypt the second country that has railways in the world. However, all railways in Egypt were non-electrified tracks with outdated facilities and the rail transit system construction lacked systematic planning.
埃及无通用或强制性遵守的电气化铁路行业规范，通常在中方提交施工图后，图纸审查人员根据以往工程进行比对，择优而取后给出意见，图纸再从头进行修改。设计方案经批复后，业主也进行了多次修改，并压缩工期为原工期的三分之二。
Egypt has no general or mandatory industry norms for electrified railways. Usually, a construction drawing submitted by the Chinese side needs to be revised from scratch after the examiner compares it with the drawings of previous projects and picks over them. The design program was modified several times by the owner after receiving approval and the construction period was shortened by a third.
对于大的技术方案亦是如此。埃铁项目高架桥设计方案原采用国内成熟的整体箱梁设计方案，后因当地土建分包商无该施工能力，业主要求更改设计方案，使原本紧张的工期更加捉襟见肘。
This is also true for large technology solutions. For the overpasses of the 10th of Ramadan Railway, China’s well-developed design program of the whole box girder was originally adopted. However, the owner requested modifications because the local civil construction subcontractors do not have the corresponding ability required to build the overpasses. That made it more difficult to complete the project on schedule.
为快速高效推动项目建设，项目管委会筹建了精英管理团队，并在人力资源上给予了极大的支持。5年来，自项目立项、开展谈判到执行阶段，项目执行经理李凯朝带领的项目管理团队常驻埃及，多人常驻近1年，李凯朝更是常驻近3年，创下了项目管理团队长期驻守现场的最高纪录。
To ensure highly efficient progress in the project construction, the Project Management Committee organized an excellent management team and gave great support in terms of human resources. Since the project was officially approved five years ago, the Project Management Team led by Executive Manager Li Kaichao has complete related negotiations and construction. Some team members have been resident in Egypt for nearly one year and Li Kaichao has been resident there for nearly three years, setting a record of the team.
建设中的Suez铁路桥
项目现场长期保持着庞大的勘测设计团队，电气、结构、测量、地质等专业配备齐全，无论是中国国庆节、劳动节，还是春节、元旦节，中方人员都坚守现场。同时，项目执行团队始终坚持属地化管理原则，招聘埃及工程师超过150人，组成联合团队，推行项目管理，克服了中埃两国轨道交通项目模式和经验差异带来的困难。
With complete professional electrical, structural, surveying, and geological equipment, a large survey and design team were on duty at the construction site. Chinese personnel have always stuck to their posts even on such holidays as the China’s National Day, Labor Day, Spring Festival and New Year’s Day. In addition, the Project Execution Team adhered to the localized management strategy. More than 150 Egyptian engineers were recruited and a joint team was organized to promote project management, thereby overcoming difficulties caused by the differences between China and Egypt in rail transit project model and experience.
根据以往的经验，规模如埃铁项目的施工工期一般在4年左右，而实际工期仅有24个月。在如此短的时间内，要完成整个项目所有的设计、采购、生产，尤其是长周期设备的设计、采购、生产、运输、安装和调试，每一个环节都必须争分夺秒。
Usually, it takes about four years to complete a project as large as the 10th of Ramadan Railway but the construction period of the railway is only two years. To complete the project in such a short period of time, all project teams must beat the clock. All links have to be accelerated, especially the time-consuming design, procurement, production, transportation, installation and commissioning of complicated equipment.
面对挑战，李凯朝编制了项目管理协调程序和项目执行计划，并重点关注制约项目进度的关键长周期设备。敏锐的他提前启动了与供货商的谈判，安排供货商进行投产前准备工作，组织供货商对需要在第三国采购的核心元器件提前签发订单。
In the face of the challenges, Li Kaichao prepared project management and coordination procedures and project execution plans, with the focus on the key complicated equipment that would impede the project. Far-sighted, Li initiated negotiations with suppliers in advance, made arrangements for their preparations before production, and urged them to place an order in advance for core components that needed to be purchased in a third country.
其中，车辆采购就是制约项目进度的关键长周期设备之一，能否及时供货对项目顺利交付极为重要。车辆陆续抵达埃及时，正值埃及传统节日放假期间，每天实际的运输时间仅为6～7小时，每小时行进30公里。在为期一周的运输过程中，项目物流经理冯斌全程守护在运输车辆旁，时时加强现场行车组织协调，以确保安全行车以及设备的万无一失。
Timely delivery of the carriages, one of the complicated equipment that would impede the project, is extremely important for the delivery of the project. As the carriages were sent in large numbers to Egypt during a traditional Egyptian holiday, the actual transportation time locally was only six to seven hours per day, with a transportation speed of 30 kilometers per hour. To ensure safety of driving and the equipment, Logistics Manager Feng Bin guarded the carriages throughout the one-week transportation and put great effort in traffic organization and coordination.
车辆到达后，需尽快完成两列车的吊装编组，冯斌再次带领项目团队坚守现场，每天休息不到4小时，全程监督吊装编组工作。同时，在通宵工作的情况下，白天仍负责与国内沟通，协调施工现场其他设备安装及施工进度，保障项目的顺利执行。
After the carriages were transported to the construction site, the workers needed to complete the assembly of two trains as soon as possible. It was done by the team of Feng Bin, who slept less than four hours a day to supervise the whole process. Sometimes, he worked all night and continued to communicate with the Chinese side the next day. He actively coordinated the installation of other equipment and the construction, thus ensuring smooth progress of the project.
A5区间接触网精调
国内工程的重点在于图纸设计。埃铁项目的重点在于完成图纸设计的同时，更需要重点关注图纸报批、沟通协调工作。
Projects in China focus on drawing design. While focusing on completing the task of drawing design as well, teams of the 10th of Ramadan Railway Project in Egypt needed to attach greater importance to the submission of drawing design for approval as well as the communication and coordination.
埃及业主每天有效工作时间很短，任意一册图纸审批都需耗费一月有余。由于图纸审批、沟通协调工作量大，现场人员经常工作到凌晨两三点。
Effective working hours per day of the Egyptian owner are short, and the review and approval of each drawing take more than one month. Due to the heavy workload of drawing review and approval, communication and coordination, on-site personnel often worked until two or three in the morning.
针对此种情况，总承包管理项目部总工程师、设计总体李震申请公司加大人员投入、优化现场人员的工作安排，同时大胆启用埃及当地工程师，采取铁三角盯人战术，派驻一名专业工程师专门负责在咨询管理公司盯守图纸审批，不断催促审图人员加快审批进度，同时加大与审图人员及其部门负责人的沟通力度。在审图人员给出意见之后，快速修改后再提交。同时安排另一人负责前往业主处进行图纸报批，并赴各部门沟通、解释。第三人则机动配合现场改线等突发情况和图纸出版、扫描、移交工作。
In this case, Li Zhen, Chief Engineer of the EPC Management Project Department and Head of Overall Design, applied to the company for the increase of personnel and the optimization of work arrangements for on-site personnel. In addition, he made a bold decision to engage Egyptian engineers in the task and adopted the “iron triangle” strategy, namely assigning tasks to three persons. First, Li Zhen dispatched a professional engineer to the management consultancy to follow closely the drawing approval, urge the drawing reviewers to speed it up, and enhance communication with drawing reviewers and their department head. After the drawing reviewers gave the feedback, the engineer made modifications immediately and submitted it. Besides, another person was appointed to submit the drawing to the owners for approval and contact each department for communication and explanation. The third person stood by in case of emergencies like modifications, as well as the publication, scanning and handover of the drawing.
埃铁项目建设现场
通过这些举措，项目团队得到当地合作方、业主以及交通部高层的高度认可，为中国公司在埃及交通领域建立了良好的口碑和信誉。
Through all these efforts, the project teams were highly recognized by local partners, the owners and the senior management of the Ministry of Transport of Egypt. As a result, they earned a sterling reputation and won public praise for Chinese companies in the field of transportation in Egypt.
（作者系中航国际成套公司人力资源专员）
来源：《一带一路报道（中英文）》2022年4期
编辑：李卉嫔
审核：贾琪
校对：雷露
主编：邓灼
更多精彩详见《一带一路报道（中英文）》↓↓↓
| 留言与评论（共有 0 条评论） “” |
