语法错误
# 语法错误示范一
if
# 语法错误示范二
def test:
pass
# 语法错误示范三
class Foo
pass
# 语法错误示范四
print(haha
逻辑错误
# TypeError:int类型不可迭代
for i in 3:
pass
# ValueError
num=input(">>: ") #输入hello
int(num)
# NameError
aaa
# IndexError
l=['egon','aa']
l[3]
# KeyError
dic={'name':'egon'}
dic['age']
# AttributeError
class Foo:pass
Foo.x
# ZeroDivisionError:无法完成计算
res1=1/0
res2=1+'str'
常用异常
其他异常
提前预防
AGE = 10
while True:
age = input('>>: ').strip()
if age.isdigit(): # 只有在age为字符串形式的整数时,下列代码才不会出错,该条件是可预知的
age = int(age)
if age == AGE:
print('you got it')
break
之后预防
#基本语法为
try:
被检测的代码块
except 异常类型:
try中一旦检测到异常,就执行这个位置的逻辑
# 举例
try:
f = open('a.txt')
g = (line.strip() for line in f)
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
except StopIteration:
f.close()
aaaaaa
s1 = 'hello'
try:
int(s1)
except IndexError as e: # 未捕获到异常,程序直接报错
print(e)
s1 = 'hello'
try:
int(s1)
except IndexError as e:
print(e)
except KeyError as e:
print(e)
except ValueError as e:
print(e)
invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'hello'
s1 = 'hello'
try:
int(s1)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'hello'
s1 = 'hello'
try:
int(s1)
except IndexError as e:
print(e)
except KeyError as e:
print(e)
except ValueError as e:
print(e)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'hello'
s1 = 'hello'
try:
int(s1)
except IndexError as e:
print(e)
except KeyError as e:
print(e)
except ValueError as e:
print(e)
#except Exception as e:
# print(e)
else:
print('try内代码块没有异常则执行我')
finally:
print('无论异常与否,都会执行该模块,通常是进行清理工作')
invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'hello'
无论异常与否,都会执行该模块,通常是进行清理工作
try:
raise TypeError('抛出异常,类型错误')
except Exception as e:
print(e)
抛出异常,类型错误
自定义异常
class EgonException(BaseException):
def __init__(self, msg):
self.msg = msg
def __str__(self):
return self.msg
try:
raise EgonException('抛出异常,类型错误')
except EgonException as e:
print(e)
类型错误
assert 1 == 1
try:
assert 1 == 2
except Exception as e:
print(e)
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