vmstat指令帮助手册

vmstat可查看ubunt linux的综合性能，是每个从事Linux人员必知必会、需掌握的核心指令之一。

vmstat指令帮助手册如下。

VMSTAT(8)                                        System Administration                                       VMSTAT(8)

NAME
       vmstat - Report virtual memory statistics

SYNOPSIS
       vmstat [options] [delay [count]]

DESCRIPTION
       vmstat reports information about processes, memory, paging, block IO, traps, disks and cpu activity.

       The  first report produced gives averages since the last reboot.  Additional reports give information on a sam‐
       pling period of length delay.  The process and memory reports are instantaneous in either case.

OPTIONS
       delay  The delay between updates in seconds.  If no delay is specified, only one report is printed with the av‐
              erage values since boot.

       count  Number of updates.  In absence of count, when delay is defined, default is infinite.

       -a, --active
              Display active and  inactive memory, given a 2.5.41 kernel or better.

       -f, --forks
              The  -f switch displays the number of forks since boot.  This includes the fork, vfork, and clone system
              calls, and is equivalent to the total number of tasks created.  Each process is represented  by  one  or
              more tasks, depending on thread usage.  This display does not repeat.

       -m, --slabs
              Displays slabinfo.

       -n, --one-header
              Display the header only once rather than periodically.

       -s, --stats
              Displays a table of various event counters and memory statistics.  This display does not repeat.

       -d, --disk
              Report disk statistics (2.5.70 or above required).

       -D, --disk-sum
              Report some summary statistics about disk activity.

       -p, --partition device
              Detailed statistics about partition (2.5.70 or above required).

       -S, --unit character
              Switches  outputs  between  1000  (k),  1024 (K), 1000000 (m), or 1048576 (M) bytes.  Note this does not
              change the block (bi/bo) fields, which are always measured in blocks.

       -t, --timestamp
              Append timestamp to each line

       -w, --wide
              Wide output mode (useful for systems with higher amount of memory, where the default output mode suffers
              from unwanted column breakage).  The output is wider than 80 characters per line.

       -V, --version
              Display version information and exit.

       -h, --help
              Display help and exit.

FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR VM MODE
   Procs
       r: The number of runnable processes (running or waiting for run time).
       b: The number of processes blocked waiting for I/O to complete.

   Memory
       These are affected by the --unit option.
       swpd: the amount of swap memory used.
       free: the amount of idle memory.
       buff: the amount of memory used as buffers.
       cache: the amount of memory used as cache.
       inact: the amount of inactive memory.  (-a option)
       active: the amount of active memory.  (-a option)

   Swap
       These are affected by the --unit option.
       si: Amount of memory swapped in from disk (/s).
       so: Amount of memory swapped to disk (/s).

   IO
       bi: Blocks received from a block device (blocks/s).
       bo: Blocks sent to a block device (blocks/s).

   System
       in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock.
       cs: The number of context switches per second.

   CPU
       These are percentages of total CPU time.
       us: Time spent running non-kernel code.  (user time, including nice time)
       sy: Time spent running kernel code.  (system time)
       id: Time spent idle.  Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO-wait time.
       wa: Time spent waiting for IO.  Prior to Linux 2.5.41, included in idle.
       st: Time stolen from a virtual machine.  Prior to Linux 2.6.11, unknown.

FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR DISK MODE
   Reads
       total: Total reads completed successfully
       merged: grouped reads (resulting in one I/O)
       sectors: Sectors read successfully
       ms: milliseconds spent reading

   Writes
       total: Total writes completed successfully
       merged: grouped writes (resulting in one I/O)
       sectors: Sectors written successfully
       ms: milliseconds spent writing

   IO
       cur: I/O in progress
       s: seconds spent for I/O

FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR DISK PARTITION MODE
       reads: Total number of reads issued to this partition
       read sectors: Total read sectors for partition
       writes : Total number of writes issued to this partition
       requested writes: Total number of write requests made for partition

FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR SLAB MODE
       cache: Cache name
       num: Number of currently active objects
       total: Total number of available objects
       size: Size of each object
       pages: Number of pages with at least one active object

NOTES
       vmstat does not require special permissions.

       These  reports  are intended to help identify system bottlenecks.  Linux vmstat does not count itself as a run‐
       ning process.

       All linux blocks are currently 1024 bytes.  Old kernels may report blocks as 512 bytes,  2048  bytes,  or  4096
       bytes.

       Since procps 3.1.9, vmstat lets you choose units (k, K, m, M).  Default is K (1024 bytes) in the default mode.

       vmstat uses slabinfo 1.1

FILES
       /proc/meminfo
       /proc/stat
       /proc/*/stat

SEE ALSO
       free(1), iostat(1), mpstat(1), ps(1), sar(1), top(1)

BUGS
       Does not tabulate the block io per device or count the number of system calls.

AUTHORS
       Written by Henry Ware ⟨al172@yfn.ysu.edu⟩.
       Fabian Frédérick ⟨ffrederick@users.sourceforge.net⟩ (diskstat, slab, partitions...)

REPORTING BUGS
       Please send bug reports to ⟨procps@freelists.org⟩

procps-ng                                             2020-06-04                                             VMSTAT(8)