一、 配置linux环境

yum install -y wget  # 安装wget
# 配置阿里云镜像源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
# 这个镜像同样适用于AnolisOS系统
yum clean all && yum makecache
yum install -y lrzsz # 安装上传下载工具 
yum install -y tmux
yum install -y lsof
yum install -y net-tools
yum install -y tar

二、安装数据库

# 安装数据库安装环境
yum install -y perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline-devel zlib-devel pam-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel openldap-devel python-devel gcc-c++ openssl-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++ make
# 解压
tar -zxvf postgresql-14.2.tar.gz 
# 创建数据目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data
# postgres创建用户
groupadd postgres
useradd -g postgres postgres
id postgres
# uid=1001(postgres) gid=1001(postgres) 组=1001(postgres)
# 安装数据库
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/
make && make istall
chown postgres -R /usr/local/pgsql
chown postgres.postgres -R /usr/local/pgsql/data

三、配置环境变量

su -l postgres
vi .bash_profil
    export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql/
    export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
    PATH=$PATH:$PGHOME/bin:$PGDATA/bin
source .bash_profile

四、initdb初始化数据库

[postgres@localhost ~]$ initdb
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "zh_CN.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "zh_CN.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /usr/local/pgsql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Asia/Shanghai
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l logfile start
    
[postgres@localhost data]$ cd /usr/local/pgsql/data
[postgres@localhost data]$ ls
base          pg_hba.conf    pg_notify     pg_stat      pg_twophase  postgresql.auto.conf
global        pg_ident.conf  pg_replslot   pg_stat_tmp  PG_VERSION   postgresql.conf
pg_commit_ts  pg_logical     pg_serial     pg_subtrans  pg_wal
pg_dynshmem   pg_multixact   pg_snapshots  pg_tblspc    pg_xact

五、修改配合文件并启动数据库

修改/pgsql/postgresql/data目录下的两个文件。

postgresql.conf 配置PostgreSQL数据库服务器的相应的参数。

pg_hba.conf 配置对数据库的访问权限。

# 修改配置文件
vi postgresql.conf
    listen_addresses = '*' 
vi pg_hba.conf
    # IPv4 local connections:
    host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               trust
    host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
    
# 启动数据库
[postgres@localhost bin]$ postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &
[1] 14608
# 查看进程
[postgres@localhost bin]$ ps -ef |grep 14608
postgres   14608   14542  0 23:28 pts/0    00:00:00 postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
postgres   14610   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer 
postgres   14611   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: background writer 
postgres   14612   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: walwriter 
postgres   14613   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher 
postgres   14614   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: stats collector 
postgres   14615   14608  0 23:28 ?        00:00:00 postgres: logical replication launcher 
postgres   14619   14542  0 23:29 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto 14608
# 查看端口
[postgres@localhost bin]$ netstat -tunlp|grep 5432
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5432            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      14608/postgres      
tcp6       0      0 :::5432                 :::*                    LISTEN      14608/postgres   

# 连接数据库测试
[postgres@localhost bin]$ createdb test  # 创建test库
[postgres@localhost bin]$ psql test # 进入数据库
psql (14.2)
Type "help" for help.

test=# \l
                                  List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test      | postgres | UTF8     | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | 
(4 rows)

test=# 

# 数据库重启
pg_ctl restart -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
# 数据库停止
pg_ctl stop -D /usr/local/pgsql/data

六、测试

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